Environmental consequences and long-term morphological alterations on the natural water course, primarily owing to human involvement, soil erosion (water erosion), and sedimentation of reservoirs. Landscape creation is aided by natural processes such as soil erosion and sedimentation. Soil erodibility, soil textural class, organic matter concentration, watershed area, topography, and vegetation cover are all factors that influence cumulative sediment output. Accelerated sedimentation of reservoirs that provide hydroelectric power and irrigation water in Ethiopia has resulted in the loss of these services. The decrease of storage capacity in hydroelectric power reservoirs is also partly to blame for the country’s recent power outages and rationing-based electric power distribution. Sediment deposited in river channels and reservoirs as a result of soil erosion is a key source of several environmental problems, including sediment deposition in river channels and reservoirs, which degrades water quality. Sedimentation is a major pollutant in surface waterways that has a negative impact on water quality and contains other contaminants such as fertilisers, pesticides, and heavy metals. Cu, Pb, As, and Hg, which are transferred with sediments and are exceedingly poisonous even in small concentrations, impact the quality of water in dams for various purposes. The suspended solids in the eroded material raise the turbidity of the raw water (i.e., the water becomes muddy and physically dirty), which raises water treatment expenses.
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SCIENCEDOMAIN international 