Cryptosporidiosis: A Potential Anti-diarrheal Natural Product Drug Discovery Journey in Ghana, West Africa|Journal of Scientific Research and Reports

The increasing resistance to current medications, as well as the exhaustion of drug development interventions and synthetic libraries, has forced researchers to turn to natural product-derived innovative therapeutic prospects. Cryptosporidium, the organism that causes Cryptosporidiosis, is no different. The diarrhea-causing parasite is the primary cause of death in children under the age of five in underdeveloped countries such as Ghana, and is second only to rotavirus as the cause of diarrhoea in newborn calves and babies. Nitazoxanide is currently the sole FDA-approved medication for the treatment of Cryptosporidiosis. As a result, innovative alternative alternatives must be developed in order to help in the reduction of child mortality and malnutrition in poor nations. Despite major difficulties in the creation of anti-cryptosporidial drugs in vitro and in vivo, important progress is being made, and this paper highlights the need for natural product research. Some of the research included in this publication suggest that plant extracts may be effective against cryptosporidiosis. We are confident of achieving great achievements in the realm of natural product Cryptosporidium medication development in Africa with the plethora of medicinal plant products and Cryptosporidium in vitro culture knowledge accessible in our labs at Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research.

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COVID-19 Pandemic and the 2020 Elections in Ghana|Journal of Scientific Research and Reports

The article investigates the influence of the Coronavirus pandemic on Ghana’s 2020 election, which will take place on December 7th. Despite the fact that the pandemic has had a detrimental impact on the 2020 election process, the paper contends that it also gives political parties and the Electoral Commission with a chance to be creative in their actions. The research takes a content analysis approach and is mostly based on a desk evaluation of related literature on the subject at hand. Low voter participation owing to fear of getting the virus due to human contact at voting centres, according to the report, and postponing of the 2020 elections if the virus spreads out of hand are two likely negative effects of the virus on the 2020 elections. The suspension of voter registration from April to June 2020, as well as a prohibition on political activities such as mass campaigns, are already having an impact. Another beneficial effect of the virus is that it has forced political parties to be more creative in voter mobilisation through the use of social media platforms. Campaigns and other political activity are now conducted entirely online. With such innovation, the report advises that the E.C. investigate online voting, postal voting, and early voting in the 2020 election as a strategy to decrease human behaviour and overcrowding on election day, hence limiting COVID-19 spread.

Please click here : https://journaljsrr.com/index.php/JSRR/article/view/30312

Exposure to Excessive Sound Volume: A Major Challenge in the South-Western Nigeria Church Auditoria|Advances in Research

The research looks at how excessive sound loudness is a serious issue in church auditoriums in South-western Nigeria. Excessive sound exposure has resulted in noise pollution, which is hazardous to human health. Participants observed musical acoustics in worship auditoria using a Virtual Instrument, a Sound Pressure Level mobile application loaded on a mobile phone for sound volume measurement, to collect data for this article. The comparable noise level was measured using A-weighting for twenty minutes per day in each of the three worship services at various days and times in each of the selected church auditoria during each worship service. Each musical session’s LAeq, T, was computed. Worshippers are exposed to average noise levels of 90.29 dB (Threshold of Pain) during every worship session, which is greater than the World Health Organization’s recommended 60 dB for a normal human ear (WHO). It was also discovered that all of the church auditoriums studied lacked adequate acoustic treatment, resulting in sound reflections and significant echo. The research finds that in Nigerian society, noise pollution has become a social phenomena, particularly in church auditoriums, where loud musical sound is associated with power and space dominance. The Nigerian local, state, and federal governments should stress acceptable ideal sound production criteria in enclosures and open spaces to effectively manage noise for human and societal wellness, according to this article.

Please click here : https://journalair.com/index.php/AIR/article/view/30252

Availability of Instructional Materials on Students’ Academic Performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State|Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports

The availability of instructional resources and students’ academic performance in senior secondary schools in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria, were investigated in this study. The availability of instructional resources and students’ academic performance in senior secondary schools in Borno state were investigated using two (2) goals and a null hypothesis. We employed a survey and a correlational strategy. The study’s entire population consisted of 1,236 teachers and 10,349 pupils, of whom 371 teachers and 3,105 students were randomly selected. For the study, SSCE data were acquired for five consecutive years from the 2014 to 2018 academic sessions. Data was collected using a checklist and a pro-forma. At the 0.05 level of significance, the data was evaluated using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient, frequency, and percentage. The study found a link between the availability of instructional resources and students’ academic performance in Maiduguri Metropolis senior secondary schools. The survey also discovered that teaching and learning resources are readily available. According to the findings, the state’s government and other stakeholders should continue to provide schools with the essential instructional resources for teaching and learning, and school administrators should highlight the use of instructional materials to make learning simpler.

Please click here : https://journalajarr.com/index.php/AJARR/article/view/30325

The Uniqueness of Stationary Solution for Nonlinear Random Reaction-diffusion Equation|Journal of Scientific Research and Reports

We investigate a nonlinear random reaction-diffusion problem in abstract Banach spaces with a random diffusion coefficient and random initial condition, driven by actual noise. We’ll look at a nonlinear polynomial term. The parabolic stochastic partial differential equations include the reaction-diffusion equation. The starting condition is assumed to be a Hilbert space element. A Wiener process produces the true noise. We create an appropriate stochastic foundation and define the weak sense solution of the reaction-diffusion problem. In abstract Banach spaces, we define the stationary process in the Doob-Rozanov sense. That is, the stochastic process’ probability density function is unaffected by time shift. In the context of Arnold, DaPrato, and Zabczyk [1,2], we define the invariant measure for the random reaction-diffusion equation. In other words, we define the random dynamical system invariant measure for the random reaction-diffusion issue.
We establish the uniqueness of the stationary solution for the nonlinear random reaction-diffusion issue using Variation Inequalities Theory. Theoretical discoveries obtained have a variety of applications in Quantum Physics, Biology, Medicine, and Economics. We can investigate the presence of stationary solutions for stochastic tumour development models in particular.

Please click here :  https://journaljsrr.com/index.php/JSRR/article/view/30313

Retrospective Study of Investigation of Possible Predictors for Total Fertility Rate in India|Journal of Scientific Research and Reports

The total fertility rate (TFR) is the most frequently accepted and utilised method of determining current fertility. Because TFR is based on an age-specific fertility rate, the total number of births in various age groups, as well as the age of the female, are necessary. When the population is illiterate or elderly, age information may be subject to recall bias, misreporting digit preference, and other factors, causing TFR to deviate from reality. As a result, we’ll need to use some indirect approach to get a sense of TFR estimation. In this work, the authors attempted to discover several variables that explain TFR and to recommend the optimal combination of predictors for obtaining a TFR estimate. This study’s methodology is primarily based on the regression technique. The coefficient of determination is used to identify potential predictors and to accept them. The study is based on data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4) for India’s major states.

Please click here : https://journaljsrr.com/index.php/JSRR/article/view/30314

Critical Drinking Habit and Its Implications for Alcoholics in the Family Premises: A Case Study of Punjab (India)| Advances in Research

In today’s environment, drinking has become a big source of concern. Depending on how this chemical is used, it can have both positive and bad repercussions. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the harmful effects of critical drinking. It focuses on how critical drinking presents itself in many forms of issues for alcoholics and contributes to the societal problem of alcoholism. The main goal of this research is to learn how alcoholism destroys alcoholics’ lives and the challenges they experience as a result of their severe addiction in the home. The current study’s research question aims to see if alcoholics are the issue creators in society or if they are also victims of their habits. This study is based on original data obtained from 100 alcoholics from various districts of Punjab, with the concept of alcoholic in mind. In addition, procedures such as the snowballing approach, a semi-structured interview schedule, participant observation, and others were employed to generate the primary data for this study. According to the findings, alcoholics encounter a variety of social problems ranging from small to serious as a result of their problematic drinking habits. In the majority of cases, a normal drinking habit develops into a critical drinking pattern, increasing the risk of problems for both alcoholics and non-alcoholics. According to the findings, alcoholics are not only troublemakers in society, but also victims of their own misfortune. Furthermore, these issues exacerbate alcoholics’ drinking behaviours. As a result, a vicious spiral of excessive drinking and associated disorders emerges.

Please click here : https://journalair.com/index.php/AIR/article/view/30269

Gender Based Comparison of Nutrition Status among Primary School Children in Selected Urban and Rural Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria|Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports

In today’s Nigeria, widespread and severe poverty is a reality that manifests itself in a lack of food, clothing, education, and other basic necessities, affecting primarily women and children. The nutritional status of primary school pupils in selected rural and urban areas in Ondo State, South-West Nigeria, was examined and contrasted in this study. Two hundred and forty (240) elementary school pupils between the ages of 5 and 10 years were ethically recruited from the aforementioned area using the Multi-staged sample technique. Interviews were conducted to gather socio-demographic information, which was supplemented by a research-administered questionnaire that included both open-ended and closed-ended items. Secondary data was gathered through the Ministry of Health, the internet, published research papers, journals, and other sources. The nutritional status of children in the research area(s) was assessed using a variety of nutrition indicators such as height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age. Anthropometric approaches, as well as gender-specific changes in target variables, were used to measure these markers. For quantitative data integration on socio-economic and demographics, the results were sorted, evaluated, and displayed in percentage (using the statistical software for social sciences, SPSS). According to the findings, the majority (60.0 percent) of respondents’ parents in the urban are between the ages of 31 and 40, whereas the majority (44.0 percent) of respondents’ parents in the rural are between the ages of 21 and 30. Overall, none of the urban parents were between the ages of 15-20, but 10.0 percent of the rural parents were between the ages of 15-21. Parents in urban areas were 34 years old on average, whereas parents in rural areas were 31 years old on average. The findings indicate that rural parents were more involved than their urban counterparts. Even though nutritional status differed between urban and rural children, the average intake pattern of carbs by urban respondents was higher than that of rural respondents, and the average consumption pattern of proteins and vitamins was lower. Parents of rural settled children should attend nutritional enlightenment programmes to stay informed about the importance of good food. It is also necessary to do additional research in order to confirm these findings.

Please click here : https://journalajarr.com/index.php/AJARR/article/view/30347

Access and Use of Latrines for Everyone? The Case of the Far North Region (Cameroon)| Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports

Introduction: Difficulty of access to and use of decent latrines is one of the major concerns of our century. This, as it affects more than one billion people, particularly in the developing world. Even more, it affects the health of people and seriously hinders their development as well as their mental and social well-being. It is as a prelude to the foregoing that this study was conducted with the aim of assessing the type of devices and their level of use by households in Far North of Cameroon.
Methodology: An investigation was conducted among 1,050 households selected in a stratified manner in 56 villages in 10 communes of the Far North region during the year 2016. This through an evaluation of the type of device, as well as their level of use by households in this region.
Results: More than 80% of the latrines encountered are unimproved because they do not allow a safe separation between feces, humans and the environment. The percentage of use of these devices is 92.5% for the households surveyed, which is below the national level estimated at 94%. The non-users of latrines are either non latrine holders or latrine holders who prefer to relieve themselves in the open air.
Conclusion: The study revealed that the majority of households use latrines. However, these latrines are mostly unimproved. Open defecation is still practiced in some localities.
Impact of the study: This study provides the baseline situation for latrine use in the Far North and thus marks the starting point for any intervention to improve the situation of latrine access in this region.

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A Review on Reservoirs Sedimenation Problems in Ethiopia|Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports

Environmental consequences and long-term morphological alterations on the natural water course, primarily owing to human involvement, soil erosion (water erosion), and sedimentation of reservoirs. Landscape creation is aided by natural processes such as soil erosion and sedimentation. Soil erodibility, soil textural class, organic matter concentration, watershed area, topography, and vegetation cover are all factors that influence cumulative sediment output. Accelerated sedimentation of reservoirs that provide hydroelectric power and irrigation water in Ethiopia has resulted in the loss of these services. The decrease of storage capacity in hydroelectric power reservoirs is also partly to blame for the country’s recent power outages and rationing-based electric power distribution. Sediment deposited in river channels and reservoirs as a result of soil erosion is a key source of several environmental problems, including sediment deposition in river channels and reservoirs, which degrades water quality. Sedimentation is a major pollutant in surface waterways that has a negative impact on water quality and contains other contaminants such as fertilisers, pesticides, and heavy metals. Cu, Pb, As, and Hg, which are transferred with sediments and are exceedingly poisonous even in small concentrations, impact the quality of water in dams for various purposes. The suspended solids in the eroded material raise the turbidity of the raw water (i.e., the water becomes muddy and physically dirty), which raises water treatment expenses.

Please click here : https://www.journalajarr.com/index.php/AJARR/article/view/30372